Мейрамгуль Мурат

According to V. A. Kukharenko To phono-graphical EMs belong: onomatopoeia, alliteration, assonance, and graphon To graphical EMs : italics, capitalization, spacing of lines, and spacing of graphemes, such as hyphenation and multiplication. And about graphical EMs separately: Capitalization [kə·pitəlai'zei©(ə)n] – some common nouns written with capital letters. Capitalization takes place in the following cases: - In address or personification, which gives some importance and solemnity to the text. - To show that words are pronounced with emphasis or loudly. E.g.: And there was dead silence. Till at last came the whisper: “I didn’t kill Henry. No, NO!” (D. H. Lawrence) “WILL YOU BE QUIET!” he bawled. (A. Sillitoe) Grapheme multiplication ['græfi:m·m¬ltipli'kei©(ə)n] is a way of showing the…

…glazed in Alpine heights above heights, surround the pole… [Alliteration; Assonance] …to the cold and ghastly moon glancing through bars of cloud at a wreck just sinking… [Alliteration;] … or (as at a later period I discovered) from the pages of Pamela, and Henry, Earl of Moreland. … [Alliteration;] … With Bewick on my knee, I was then happy: happy at least in my way... [Alliteration; Assonance] ; but Eliza just [Assonance] put her head [Alliteration] in at the door, and said at once "She is in the window-seat, to be sure, Jack." ….. [Assonance] …"I want you to come here;" and seating himself in an arm-chair,.. [Assonance] …thick lineaments in a spacious visage, heavy limbs and large extremities… [Alliteration] … He ought now [Assonance] to have been at school; but his mama had taken him…

Jane Eyre. Charlotte Bronte. Nor could I pass unnoticed the suggestion of the bleak shores of Lapland, Siberia, Spitzbergen, Nova Zembla, Iceland, Greenland,[inversion] with "the vast sweep of the Arctic Zone, and those forlorn regions of dreary space,--that reservoir of frost and snow, where firm fields of ice, the accumulation of centuries of winters, glazed in Alpine heights above heights, surround the pole, and concentre the multiplied rigours of extreme cold." Of these death-white realms I formed an idea of my own: shadowy [detachment], like all the half-comprehended notions that float dim through children's brains, but strangely impressive. The words in these introductory pages connected themselves with the succeeding vignettes, and gave significance to the rock standing up alone in…

This week we talked about Syntactical SDs and EMs, namely, climax, anticlimax, antithesis, attachment, asyndeton, polysyndeton, break-in-the-narrative, chiasmus, detachment, ellipsis, enumeration, litotes, parallel constructions, question-in-the-narrative, represented speech, rhetorical question, suspense, inversion, repetition. And I have some tasks for you: Climax –a sentences arrangement, in which each next word combination (clause, sentence) is logically more important or emotionally stronger and more explicit: "Be careful," said Mr. Jingle. "Not a look." "Not a wink," said Mr. Tupman. "Not a syllable. Not a whisper." (D.) Proceeding from the nature of the emphasized phenomenon it is possible to speak of logical(based on the components relative logical importance), emotional (based on…

Last week we discussed about Hyperbole, Understatement, Periphrasis and Euphemism. I want to share with information that I found about these SDs) PERIPHRASIS , one of many literary Tropes, is the "use of a longer phrasing in place of a possible shorter form of expression", or "an instance of periphrasis" It was first used in the 1530s, and comes from a Latin word meaning "circumlocution," or from the Greek, periphrazein, "to speak in a roundabout way," from peri- "round about" (see peri-) + phrazein "to express." Periphrasis is most often used to give the reader the sense that more detail has been doled out when the writer only needs to say one word or one short phrase. Examples of Periphrasis “The big man upstairs hears your prayers.” (Refers to God.) "The king of the football team hiked…

Last week we talked about SDs with comic effect: irony, pun, zeugma and malapropism. Irony- is a figure of speech by means of which a word or words express the direct opposite of what their meanings denote. For example: We often say "How clever!" when a person says or does something foolish. Examples of Irony from Literature Example #1 We come across the following lines in Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet”, Act I, Scene V. “Go ask his name: if he be married. My grave is like to be my wedding bed.” Juliet commands her nurse to find out who Romeo was and says if he were married, then her wedding bed would be her grave. It is a verbal irony because the audience knows that she is going to die on her wedding bed. Example #2 Shakespeare employs this verbal irony in “Julius Caesar” Act I, Scene I…

Good night, friends!) i had not access to the internet , that is why i am going to send my blog about metonymy just now... Last week we talked about metonymy. And from past lessons we got information about metaphor and simile. I drew up a table that will help you visualize the differences and common features of these figures of speech: Both metonymy and metaphor involve the substitution of one term for another. In metaphor, this substitution is based on some specific analogy between two things, wheares in metonymy the substitution is based on some understood association or contiguity. I found one interesting and useful video about metonymy and synecdoche and advise you to watch it here: http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/synecdoche-vs-metonymy-definitions-examples.html#lesson than…

Hello, bloggers)

Simile – the imaginative comparison of two unlike objects, which belong to different classes. A simile consist of 3 components:

• The tenor
• The vehicle
• Link-words

A simile states that A is like/as B

Types of simile:

• Semantically:
  • Genuine
  • Trite
  • Structurally:
    • Ordinary
    • Disguised

There are some examples of trite similes:

We know that simile and metaphor has something in common and differences, and I found one video about it. If you want you can see :

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5zQyj-etm2Q

And if all examples in picture below are similes? and why?

Thank you for attention!)

Last time we were working on metaphor. We learned about the types of metaphor. As we know, Metaphor - a trope or figure of speech in which an implied comparison is made between two unlike things that actually have something in common. A metaphor compares two objects/things without using the words "like" or "as". Metaphor structurally may be simple, prolonged, mixed; semantically (as I remember) - trite and original. Metaphor has subtypes as personification and metagoge. Also we know that M. consists of two components: tenor and vehicle. So my individual work with metaphors in proverbs: Actions speak louder than word (metaphor, personification ) Appetite comes with eating (metaphor, personification ) Bad news has wings (metaphor, trite, simple) Curiosity killed a cat (metaphor, personifica…

Good night... Like many of you this is my first experience in blogging too. I am glad to learn new technology of training, because it surely will be needed in the near future. Also I am glad that we have created an atmosphere where our foreign language will develop. And about Stylistics.According to I.V. Arnold, "stylistics is a branch of linguistics, which studies the principles and results of the choice and usage of lexical, grammatical, phonetic and other language means with the aim of transmitting of ideas and emotions in differentcommunication settings." According to I.R. Galperin, stylistics is a branch of general linguistics, which deals with the investigation of two independent tasks: 1) stylistic devices and expressive means. 2) functional styles of language. We know that the aim…