HYDROGEN SULPHIDE IN AKTOBE

Introduction

Ober the past few decades ecology becomes a more and more popular topic for discussions, daily routine such as factories, emissions, technologies, transports and other things give a big damage for our planet. One of the main issues is hydrogen sulphide pollution, this is a kind of air pollution. Furthermore, this problem also accords to Kazakhstan, in order by the statistic Kazakstan is on 20th place in the world (AirVisual). Furthermore, one the main sources is mine city – Aktobe, where the limit is more than normal in 12 times (365 info).

When I watched this data, I was simply shocked, but after some time understood that is real, because almost every week/day our citizens are complain to the government about the bad smell, especially this happens very often at summer. This situation started from the second decade of 21st century, there is many factors that influenced on this problem. Increasing of production of industrial enterprises, every year the role of minerals that finds in our city is becomes more and more important and due to the own profit, many businessmen are increase a level of production but they do not think about the consequences which give a big damage to the ecology of their city. Second is population growth, according to the statistic from 2008 to nowadays extremely grows, from 703 thousand to 869 thousand. Consequently, raised of transports which produce a lot of hydrogen sulphide, 9kg per unit (Ria). Also, amount of emissions highly increases due to the daily routine such as going to beach, eating food, buying something. 

Previously I have dealt and saw this problem on TV channels, news, films where were shown a lot of cities like New York, Beijing, Shanghai, Mumbai where people every morning see smog, feel bad smell, also in this type of cities there is a high number of people who have any problems with lungs which called by air pollution. After long searching information about this issue I have chosen it and it is very interesting to analyse following topic. 

Another reason of this problem is that in our city every year the number of people who has asthma extremely grows (Aktobe Med 2018) and if this trend continues, then after some years the local ecology will be on the low level and will give serious damage for the next generations. Furthermore, right now there is not any actions and movements from the government according to this problem, over the past 5-7 years they didn’t do anything serious for solving this problem. Maybe this is because of the lack of serious consequences and if we show it, then they will make something helpful very fast.

As an obvious advocate of peace and harmony, I may be prone to this problem, as I firmly believe that Aktobe and all its inhabitants will be able to find a solution that will suit all parties and will be most effective. I will also try to consider everything possible prospects for this issue and deeply discuss each part. In terms of utility, I would like to use my project in a newspaper for publication in order to attract the attention of most people, thereby the authorities will pay attention to this problem.

Methods

Following research paper about what is the most suitable solution to decrease the level of hydrogen sulphide in Aktobe had several different methods. Information and data that was founded in a primary and secondary source confirm and specifies each other, that is why collected data becomes more accurate. Different methods were used to improve and accurate collected data, is necessary to have more effective and precise result. Problem of hydrogen sulphide in Aktobe is a very difficult and huge, because it has more than 2 view sides and many opinions were divided. There are two methods that was used: a survey between Aktobe livers and the data research.

Background information was included to get general data about the topic and finding the general sources of this problem very difficult. Due to the fact that a big amount of people prefer opinion that this issue starts from utility companies, while the government claim another variant.  However, most sites were outdated, and this could cause different accuracies.

In order to collect data, I started from searching information, there is a big number of articles and statistics that can be used, but most of them contradict each other. For improving the accuracy of data websites where checked for RAVEN, the criteria for identifying a credibility of sources. In addition, the most accurate sources are websites of the government of Aktobe and national TV channels that get information from officials. There was a big amount of necessary and important information that can help in research very well.  For example, by governmental website of Aktobe I found a statistic about air pollution, level of hydrogen sulphide. Also, there information about how the government want to solve this problem and 

how it effects on citizens and their health. I searched information from abroad, because this issue happened with many countries and it is good to analyse their experience and how they decided this problem. There was a popular website – BBC, where presented general solution ways of this problem.  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Basically, to collect data from the first persons I did a survey about hydrogen sulphide in Aktobe. To get it is necessary to find out both qualitative and quantitative data survey was carried out between residents of Aktobe. People were asked about this issue from each side and they were able to offer own solution of the problem. Survey is the most suitable way of data collection, because there is a big amount of quantitative and qualitative questions that open the problem from each side and unlike an interview number of asked people can be more than 10 people in several times. Also, taking an interview or doing an experiment takes a long time and survey looks more useful. I exactly choose to ask only Aktobe citizens because:

• Aktobe right now is the most polluted city of Kazakhstan and its more logical to ask this people

• They know all about the city 

• The final solution in a first case will affect them 

Furthermore, I created a survey with questions that open this problem from different sides. Is necessary to have unfold questions, to which person should think deeper, this way I can get more effective answers. Volume of the survey is 9 questions, 2 of them accords on nowadays situation, 2 of them addresses to influence on human health, 3 of them confer the possible solutions and 1 is asks about the source of this issue.

Results

The Internet research was very essential as all the data found was relevant and useful. The main findings have been already described in the Context section.  

Considering all aspects of the problem it is clearly identified that there too much sources of hydrogen sulphide pollution in the Aktobe. However, the most relevant and important researches showed that the three main problem is activity of factories, glut of the number of cars and all types of emissions. Despite the fact that Aktobe right now one of the leaders of air pollution in Kazakhstan, a big amount of people believes that by well-coordinated work issue will easily solved. 

I did a survey between residents of Aktobe about the issue of hydrogen sulphide pollution in the town. The main findings from the survey can be summarized as: • The data from the first question shows that from the all citizens, 61.5% often feel a bad smell, 35.9 of them felt rarely and other 2.6% did not do this. The second, third and fourth questions are about an influence of the sulphide hydrogen pollution on the ecology and human health. From taken data we can do next conclusions:

• Only 41% of questioned people have a friend who has problems with lungs. • 76,9% of questioned citizens think that this issue has a big influence on the future ecology and health, while others have an opinion that this problem is temporary. •Approximately all questioned people (97,4%) think that right now this issue is very dangerous for the health. Overall, the analysis of the survey showed that the respondents almost have the same ideas and majority of people have the similar lens of view solutions of the hydrogen sulphide pollution in Aktobe.  However, opinions of people about the source of the issue are different, part of them chose industrial activity another part chose number of transport and others chose different emissions from daily life. As we could predict that this issue is discursive, the study search above proves it. Of course, all questioned people think that this issue is directly touching human health.  The general way of solving following issue according to the answers of the survey is to establish the limit for the factories who produce too much pollution and if they do not support, then there will be a big fine to them. Also, according to globalization and technology development a large number of people prefer to establish an electro stations and electro things that will be a replacement for nowadays things such as transport, factories etc.

Conclusion

According to each of the research question it is possible to make next following conclusions:

  • What is the main source of hydrogen sulphide emissions in Aktobe?

There are plenty linked and consecutive reason of why the level of hydrogen sulphide in Aktobe extremely increased and right now takes 3rd place in country with index 12. The first general argument is the sharp population growth which have begun from 2008 and raises until this day. According to this action there are many serious consequences such as the high number of transports, increasing of emission which have produced due to this routine. These facts in sum give a big damage, for instance one car produces 9kg of gases per day and if we sum this number, then we will have a space number. The second reason is the global growth in the importance of mining. In the Aktobe there are three factories which produce ferroalloys in big amount. Furthermore, these reasons are suitable for all cities who have the same issue, like in New York where a big number of industry and people.

• What is the citizens perspective on the discussed issue?

During the conducting a survey and after collecting taken data, I have understood that all correspondents are known about this issue and very often felt bad smell. Their perspective is that hydrogen sulphide pollution has a big influence on ecology and health of people right now and will affect in the future. Due to this, citizens want and asked to solve this issue faster than this is possible. The main solution ways are to establish a limit for factories, also, most of them are open to nowadays technologies and want to have a electro stations and other things that works by energy. 

• Will be the final solution suitable for all sides?

This problem as I said is very discursive and it was very difficult to choose a suitable solution which will follow all criteria. After some searching and data collecting with the survey answers, there is next ways. First is to decrease the influence of the problem right now, the government should establish a limit for factories, because now the main source is industry where is a thousand of tonnes of pollution. By this way the daily production will be lower, and consequences will be less dangerous. The second and final long-term and promising way is to start establishing electro stations and to start use energy devices, because there are not any dangerous results, like in nowadays conditions. By this way, after few decades we will have a high-tech city which will follow all criteria of 21st century city.

References 

https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/detail/25-03-2014-7-million-premature-deaths-annually-linked-to-air-pollution

https://365info.kz/2019/05/nazvany-goroda-kazahstana-s-samym-gryaznym-vozduhom

https://www.airvisual.com/world-most-polluted-countries

https://www.eco-business.com/news/of-the-worlds-100-most-polluted-cities-99-are-in-asia/

https://www.vogue.ru/beauty/guide/zagryaznenie_okruzhayuschej_sredy_chto_nuzhno_sdelat_pryamo_sejchas_chtoby_stalo_legche_dyshat

https://kursiv.kz/news/tendencii-i-issledovaniya/2018-04/reyting-stran-po-intensivnosti-vybrosov-uglekislogo-gaza

https://ria.ru/20081116/155272524.html

https://www.vedomosti.ru/auto/articles/2017/07/13/723526-elektromobili

https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-39194055

http://www.energyprom.kz/ru/a/analytics/samye-rasprostranennye-zabolevaniya-v-rk-problemy-s-organami-dyhaniya-chislo-bolnyh-vyroslo-za-god-na-14