Hi, everybody. At last I checked))) I want to begin my speech with famous quote about metaphor: "Books are the mirrors of the soul"(Virgina Woolf). As for me, my quote during my life: "Life is a dance". And simile by method of substitution: " Life is like a dance".
Metaphor is transference of names based on the associated likeness between two subjects. From the Greek, " carry over". For example: silver star; the sun-the ball; love is a jewel, or a rose, or a butterfly. A metaphor is a way of communicating an idea using the image of one thing to describe another. A metaphor can be useful in helping people to express the intensity of an experience or their emotions about something. When someone uses these images in their descriptions, they are "speaking metaphorically'' rather than ''literally''. By using metaphors, much more can be conveyed, through implication and connotation, than through straightforward, literal language.
Metonymy is a stylistic devices by which the name of one objects is given to another not by way of comparison but because on suggests the other by some or other association of facts or ideas. From the Greek, "change of name". For example, the kettle is boiling; I am fond of Dickens. A figure of speech in which one word or phrase replaces for another with which it is closely associated (such as "crown" for "royalty"). Metonymy is also the rhetorical strategy of describing something indirectly by referring to things around it, as in describing someone's clothing to characterize the individual.
Metaphor creates the relation between its objects, while metonymy presupposes that relation. Metonymy and metaphor also have fundamentally different functions. Metonymy is about referring: a method of naming or identifying something by mentioning something else which is a component part or symbolically linked. In contrast, metaphor is about understanding and interpretation: it is a means to understand or explain one phenomenon by describing it in terms of another. If metaphor works by transposing qualities from one place of reality to another. Metonymy works by associating meanings within the same plane.
Simile is based on comparison of 2 things from different areas. It is expressed by conjunctions: like, as...as, as if, as though; special verbs: to resemble something, to remind of something, look like. From Latin, "likeness'' or ''comparison''. The simile says there is a likeness and leaves it to us to figure out some common feature or features.