Training process for children with special educational requirements should be constructed by taking into account psycho-physical and psychological features and a condition of the child.
As far as at our children communication between sensual perception and thought process is broken we build all process of training on an in detail-evident basis.
As it is known, «at normally functioned analyzers in a brain at an optimum level there is a reception, the primary analysis and timely transfer to a brain of the signals arriving from the outside. The brain, in turn, also smoothly carries out the higher analysis and synthesis of signals arriving to it». Thanks to such interaction of communications the system of generalizations of concepts is formed and on this basis conscious mastering of knowledge is reached. At a condition caused by organic defeat of the central nervous system, there is no such accurately harmonious interaction. Sensual perceptions not always at due qualitative level provide reception of the primary analysis and timely transfer to a brain of the signals necessary for its normal functioning. As a result of it and in connection with infringement cortical processes, the higher analysis and synthesis of the signals arriving from analyzers are broken. It complicates formation of high-grade generalizations and concepts that in turn creates difficulties in training of our children and causes necessity of application of special means of correction.
At realization of process of training it is very important to consider low level of informative activity of children that is shown in prevalence of productivity in their activity. At children aspirations to search of answers to the arisen questions, overcoming of the difficulties which have arisen on their way are poorly expressed. So in the course of training the big relative density gets stimulation of children to search activity, to overcoming of their passivity and the indifferent relation to training. Essential stimulus for children is in time the submitted help from the adult. For teachers we have made a selection about 30 words-references: « It is good! Perfectly well! Charmingly! Magically! It's cool! Ingeniously! Excellently! Remarkably! Cool! » And others.
Children constantly face great difficulties at construction informative action, which they can't overcome. The help from the outside is necessary for children. Therefore long time leaves on training to ability to study: to prepare for a lesson the workplace, to be guided on a sheet of paper, correctly to use a pencil, the handle, correctly to choose ways of performance of the task, to plan the actions, communications between children in a class and another. Everything, even a small portion of knowledge or actions is acquired by children only at a repeated explanation and display, at regulation of their each step of training. Only in process of experience accumulation the direct help of the expert is gradually reduced, getting more and more generalized character when the child carries out of the task under preliminary general instructions, the verbal instruction or the plan.
So, the basic features of training process:
Visually-practical activities;
Applications of special means of correction;
The help of the adult expert;
Constant stimulation of children;
Training to ability to study.